In Hong Kong, one in every two people is infected with Helicobacter pylori. This bacterium lurks in our stomachs and can trigger chronic gastritis, with long-term inflammation potentially leading to stomach ulcers and even stomach cancer. The World Health Organization has classified it as a Group 1 carcinogen, so it cannot be left untreated in the stomach. Dr. NG Sui Cheung, a specialist in Gastroenterology and Hepatology at Chiron Medical, will explore Helicobacter pylori and its implications for early prevention, identification, and management.
Dr. Ng notes that several factors may increase the risk of Helicobacter pylori infection, including a history of stomach ulcers, frequent indigestion, a family history of stomach cancer, smoking, and being over 40 years old. Additionally, individuals who share meals with those infected have a relatively higher risk of infection.
Infected individuals often show no obvious symptoms, and many may only discover their condition during routine check-ups. However, if symptoms such as stomach pain or loss of appetite occur, prompt medical attention is necessary. Diagnostic methods include the carbon-13 breath test, gastroscopy with biopsy, stool antigen tests, and serum antibody tests, each with its advantages and limitations. Doctors will choose the most appropriate testing method based on the patient's specific situation.
The primary treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection is triple therapy, which includes a proton pump inhibitor and two antibiotics, typically lasting for 14 days. After completing the treatment, patients should undergo a breath test six weeks later to ensure that the bacteria have been eradicated.
If the first treatment is ineffective, a quadruple therapy may be necessary for more effective bacterial elimination. After treatment, patients need regular follow-ups to monitor their stomach health and ensure the condition does not recur. The specific frequency of check-ups depends on individual health status and risk factors, so it is advisable to discuss an appropriate follow-up plan with a doctor.
Dr. Ng reminds us that the most important preventive measure against Helicobacter pylori infection is maintaining good personal hygiene, washing hands frequently, and being mindful of food safety. Additionally, using serving chopsticks and ensuring clean water sources are effective preventive strategies. Developing a habit of regular health check-ups is also essential for proactively managing one's health status.
|
Method |
Accuracy Rate |
Advantages |
Limitations |
|
Carbon-13 Breath Test |
90%+ |
Non-invasive, quick |
Requires stopping antibiotics or |
|
Gastroscopy + Biopsy |
95%+ |
Directly identifies |
Invasive / high cost |
|
Stool Antigen Test |
85%+ |
Suitable for children |
Sample processing is complex |
|
Serum Antibody Test |
70-80% |
Quick screening |
Cannot distinguish current infection |
Updated: 2025-07
Please note that all medical health articles featured on our website have been reviewed by Chiron Medical doctors. The articles are for general information only and are not medical opinions nor should the contents be used to replace the need for personal consultation with a qualified health professional on the reader's medical condition.
